D\u00fcsseldorf Y\u00fcksek B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi (OLG), 20 Nisan 2018 tarihli karar\u0131nda, “Bizden sa\u011f kalan ki\u015fi bu vasiyetnameyle ne y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr ne de k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve vasiyetnameyi diledi\u011fi gibi \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kullanabilir” ifadesinin yaln\u0131zca vasiyet\u00e7inin hayatta oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemdeki hukuki i\u015flemlere at\u0131fta bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Bu karar, Alman Miras Hukuku ve Vasiyet Planlamas\u0131 Birli\u011fi (DVEV) taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir bi\u00e7imde yay\u0131mland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Evli bir \u00e7ift, birbirlerini tek miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak atad\u0131klar\u0131 ve o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 da son miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak belirledikleri bir Berlin Vasiyetnamesi haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vasiyetnamede \u015fu ifade yer al\u0131yordu: “Bizden hayatta kalan ki\u015fi bu vasiyetnameyle ne y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutulacak ne de k\u0131s\u0131tlanacak ve mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 diledi\u011fi gibi \u00f6zg\u00fcrce tasarruf edebilecektir.” Ancak kocan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra, kar\u0131s\u0131 yeni bir vasiyetname haz\u0131rlayarak o\u011flunu miras\u0131ndan mahrum etti ve yerine ba\u015fka bir ki\u015fiyi tek miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak atad\u0131. O\u011ful itiraz etti ve Berlin Vasiyetnamesi’nin ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 etkisinde \u0131srar etti.<\/p>\n\n
\u00a7 2271 paragraf\u0131na g\u00f6re. Alman Medeni Kanunu’nun (BGB) 2. maddesine g\u00f6re, Berlin usul\u00fc vasiyetnamelerde, son miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n atanmas\u0131, ilk \u00f6len e\u015fin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 hale gelir ve art\u0131k geri al\u0131namaz. D\u00fcsseldorf Y\u00fcksek B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi, kullan\u0131lan ifadelerin e\u015fe o\u011flunun nihai miras\u00e7\u0131 olarak atanmas\u0131n\u0131 iptal etme ve yeni bir vasiyetname haz\u0131rlama hakk\u0131 verip vermedi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmak zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Mahkeme, s\u00f6z konusu ifadenin yaln\u0131zca hayatta kalan e\u015fe, ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca varl\u0131klar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlama olmaks\u0131z\u0131n elden \u00e7\u0131karma \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vermek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na h\u00fckmetti. Sie diente jedoch nicht dazu, die Erbfolge zu \u00e4ndern oder einen neuen Schlusserben zu benennen. Das OLG st\u00fctzte sich dabei auf den Gedanken, dass die Eheleute vermutlich davon ausgingen, der enterbte Sohn w\u00fcrde nach dem Tod des zweiten Ehegatten das gesamte gemeinsame Verm\u00f6gen erhalten. \u00c7iftin ba\u015fka bir niyeti oldu\u011funa dair hi\u00e7bir i\u015faret yoktu. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla o\u011flunun itiraz\u0131 kabul edildi.<\/p>\n\n
Avukat Istv\u00e1n Cocron, profesyonel dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurguluyor: \u201cS\u0131radan ki\u015filer, bu davada oldu\u011fu gibi, farkl\u0131 yorumlanabilecek ifadeler kullan\u0131yorlar. Mahkemeler de bunu yorumlamak zorunda kal\u0131yor ve bu da \u00e7o\u011fu zaman vasiyet\u00e7inin menfaatine olmayan sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. Miras hukuku konusunda uzman birinden al\u0131nacak hukuki dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k burada a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011flayabilirdi. Hayatta kalan e\u015fin vasiyeti de\u011fi\u015ftirip de\u011fi\u015ftiremeyece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilebilirdi.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00fcsseldorf Y\u00fcksek B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi (OLG), 20 Nisan 2018 tarihli karar\u0131nda, “Bizden sa\u011f kalan ki\u015fi bu vasiyetnameyle ne y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr ne de k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve vasiyetnameyi diledi\u011fi gibi \u00f6zg\u00fcrce kullanabilir” ifadesinin yaln\u0131zca vasiyet\u00e7inin hayatta oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemdeki hukuki i\u015flemlere at\u0131fta bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Bu karar, Alman Miras Hukuku ve Vasiyet Planlamas\u0131 Birli\u011fi (DVEV) taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir bi\u00e7imde yay\u0131mland\u0131. Dava […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","news-kategorie":[64],"class_list":["post-4607","news","type-news","status-publish","hentry","news-kategorie-miras-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ra-cocron.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/4607","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ra-cocron.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ra-cocron.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ra-cocron.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news-kategorie","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ra-cocron.de\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-kategorie?post=4607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}